I friarielli: verdura tipica campana
di Alessia Giannino
La cucina napoletana è una delle migliori d’Italia e, per chi si trova di passaggio a Napoli, è impossibile non provare alcuni piatti tipici. Tra questi ci sono i friarielli, che, solitamente, vengono proposti ad accompagnare le salsicce.
Si tratta di una delle verdure più buone in assoluto del panorama gastronomico partenopeo e, forse, addirittura globale, ma solo pochi al mondo hanno la fortuna di mangiarli. Si tratta, infatti, di una varietà tipicamente campana e non è possibile trovarli in altre regioni italiane. Sono ricchi di sali minerali, fosforo, ferro, calcio, potassio e magnesio ed è per questo che sono anche spesso consigliati a chi soffre di anemia e colesterolo.
Sembra che, in passato, i friarielli venissero coltivati sulla collina del Vomero, chiamata proprio “la collina dei broccoli”. Da allora di tempo n’è passato ed oggi è possibile trovare coltivazioni tematiche nei comuni di Acerra, Aversa, Afragola, Caivano, Casoria e Cardito.
La storia
Già alla fine del ‘600 era possibile trovare i friarielli sui carretti degli ambulanti. Secondo il Comitato degli Abitanti di Materdei, infatti, nella “Historia della vulgata” del 1694, viene riportata una storia incentrata proprio su questa verdura campana. Si racconta che, durante i festeggiamenti del boss del quartiere, la famosa Donna Immacolata fosse occupata a preparare le pizze fritte; all’improvviso, però, si rese conto di aver finito il pomodoro e, per rimediare all’imminente arrivo degli invitati, immerse i friarielli nella sugna. Il loro profumo riempì in pochi minuti il vicolo e, da quel momento, tutti li cucinarono in questo modo.
Etimologia
Per quanto riguarda l’etimologia del nome, ci sono diverse teorie. Alcuni pensano che la parola derivi dal castigliano frio grelos, che indica una varietà di broccoletti invernali. Altri, invece, credono sia mutuata dal napoletano frjere, ossia “friggere”, dato che la ricetta originale prevedeva che i friarielli fossero fritti in padella, in abbondante olio extravergine (o sugna), aglio e peperoncino. Oggi molti preferiscono preparare i friarielli al vapore, così che conservino tutte le loro proprietà nutritive.
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